Plant Tissues: Structure, Types, and Functions

-

Plant tissues form the basis of plant growth, support, and physiological activities. A tissue is a group of similar cells performing a specific function. In plants, tissues are broadly classified into Meristematic tissues and Permanent tissues.


---

1. Meristematic Tissues

These are actively dividing tissues responsible for plant growth.

Apical meristem: Present at root and shoot tips; helps in elongation.

Intercalary meristem: Found at the base of nodes and leaves; helps in regrowth.

Lateral meristem: Found in cambium; responsible for secondary growth.


Characteristics

Cells are small, thin-walled, and actively divide.

Nucleus is large, vacuoles are absent or very small.



---

2. Permanent Tissues

These tissues are formed from meristematic tissues once they lose their ability to divide. They are of two types:

(a) Simple Permanent Tissues

Made of similar cells.

Parenchyma: Living cells with thin walls; store food and water.

Collenchyma: Elongated cells with unevenly thick walls; provides flexibility.

Sclerenchyma: Dead, thick-walled cells; provides strength.


(b) Complex Permanent Tissues

Made of different types of cells working together.

Xylem: Transports water and minerals.

Phloem: Transports food.



---

3. Secretory Tissues

Some specialized tissues like laticifers and glandular tissues secrete substances like latex, nectar, oils, and resins.


---

Key Points for Students

Meristematic tissue = Growth.

Permanent tissue = Support, storage, transport.

Xylem = Water; Phloem = Food.



---

Conclusion

Plant tissues are the foundation of the plant body. Understanding them helps us learn how plants grow, adapt, and survive.

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

🌱 Plant Growth and Development: Role of Hormones in NEET & CBSE Biology

-
Image
Introduction Plant growth and development are crucial chapters in both NEET and CBSE Class 11 Biology. Understanding how plants grow and how hormones regulate this process is important not just for exams, but also for grasping key concepts in plant physiology. --- 🌿 What is Plant Growth? Growth in plants refers to an irreversible increase in size, usually accompanied by an increase in dry mass. It involves cell division (mitosis), cell elongation, and cell differentiation. Plant growth is indeterminate, meaning it continues throughout their life due to the presence of meristems (actively dividing tissues). --- 🔍 Phases of Growth 1. Meristematic Phase – cells are actively dividing. 2. Elongation Phase – cells elongate and expand in size. 3. Maturation Phase – cells differentiate and mature into specific tissues. --- 📈 Growth Curve Follows a sigmoid curve (S-shaped). Has four phases: 1. Lag Phase (slow growth), 2. Log Phase (rapid growth), 3. Declining Phase (slowdown), 4....
Read more

NEET 2025 – Cell: The Unit of Life | NCERT-Based Notes + Diagrams

-
Image
Post Content: Introduction: "Cell: The Unit of Life" is a conceptual and factual chapter. NEET 2025 can include diagram-based MCQs and questions from cell organelles and types of cells. Focus on NCERT keywords and functions. 1. Discovery of Cell Discovered by Robert Hooke in 1665 (cork cell) Cell Theory by Schleiden & Schwann Rudolf Virchow: "Omnis cellula-e-cellula" – cells arise from pre-existing cells 2. Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic Cells Feature Prokaryote (Bacteria) Eukaryote (Plants/Animals) Nucleus Absent Present Organelles No membrane-bound Membrane-bound Ribosome Type 70S 80S Cell Wall Peptidoglycan Cellulose (plants) 3. Cell Organelles Nucleus: Double membrane, contains nucleolus and chromatin Mitochondria: Powerhouse, double membrane, has its own DNA Plastids: Chloroplast: Green, photosynthesis, has DNA Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER): Rough ER: Protein synthesis Smooth ER: Lipid synthesis Golgi Apparatus: Modifies & packages proteins Lysosome...
Read more

Plant Growth Regulators: Types, Functions, and NEET Insights

-
Image
Introduction Plant Growth Regulators (PGRs) are organic compounds that influence physiological processes in plants. These are also called phytohormones and are essential for growth, development, dormancy, flowering, fruiting, and stress responses. For NEET aspirants, understanding PGRs is crucial as they frequently appear in exams. --- Types of Plant Growth Regulators 1. Auxins Discovered by F.W. Went. Promote cell elongation, apical dominance, root initiation, and prevent premature fruit drop. Example: Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), NAA. 2. Gibberellins Discovered from the fungus Gibberella fujikuroi. Promote stem elongation, seed germination, and break dormancy. Example: GA₃ (Gibberellic acid). 3. Cytokinins Promote cell division, delay senescence, and stimulate lateral shoot growth. Example: Kinetin, Zeatin. 4. Abscisic Acid (ABA) Known as a stress hormone. Induces seed dormancy, stomatal closure, and inhibits growth. 5. Ethylene A gaseous hormone. Promotes fruit ripening, ...
Read more