Anatomy of Flowering plants Class 11 smart one shot | Complete chapter revision | By BHS Sir

🌿 Anatomy of Flowering Plants – NEET 2025 Complete Notes (With Updated Syllabus)
🔑 Target Keywords:
Anatomy of flowering plants, notes on tissue systems in plants, dicot and monocot stem differences, and meristematic tissue

🌱 Introduction – Let’s Start with the Basics!

Hello NEET Aspirants 👋
Today, we’re diving into an important yet easy-scoring Class 11 NCERT chapter — Anatomy of Flowering Plants.

As the teacher said in class:

“If you’re starting from zero and want to finish this chapter in one hour — just stay focused!”

So, let’s do exactly that 🌿
Before we begin, note that after the 2025 NCERT update, some topics have been removed.

❌ Deleted Topics (as per latest NCERT):

• 🚫 Secondary Growth

• 🚫 Detailed study of Parenchyma, Collenchyma, and Sclerenchyma

Now, only two major sections remain 👇

• Tissue System

• Transverse Sections (T.S.) – Dicot & Monocot

📘 1. What Is Anatomy?
Anatomy means the study of internal structure — how tissues are arranged inside the plant.

As the teacher explained:

“In anatomy, we look inside the plant to see which tissue is where and what function it performs.”

🌿 2. What Is a Tissue?
Definition:
“A group of cells having a common origin and performing a similar function.”

👉 Examples:

• Epidermal tissue (plant skin) → Protection

• Xylem & Phloem → Transport

🧩 3. Types of Plant Tissues

Type	Description	Example
Meristematic Tissue	Cells that actively divide	Apical meristem, Intercalary meristem
Permanent Tissue	Specialised, non-dividing cells	Parenchyma, Collenchyma

🌱 4. Meristematic Tissue – The Dividing Cells

The teacher said:

“Meristematic tissues are where the plant actually grows — they’re the active regions of growth.”

✨ Definition:
A group of actively dividing cells that contribute to plant growth.

Features:

• Small, densely packed cells

• Large nucleus, dense cytoplasm

• No vacuoles

• Thin primary cell wall

• No intercellular spaces

• High nucleocytoplasmic ratio

📍 5. Classification of Meristems

🔹 Based on Location:

• Apical Meristem:
  Found at root and shoot tips → for primary (length) growth

• Lateral Meristem:
  Found along sides (e.g., Vascular Cambium, Cork Cambium) → for secondary (width) growth

• Intercalary Meristem:
  Found at nodes/base of leaves (grasses, bamboo) → for regrowth after grazing

💡 Trick: A–L–I → Apical, Lateral, Intercalary

🔹 Based on Origin:

• Primary Meristem: Directly from the embryo (e.g., Apical meristem)

• Secondary Meristem: Arises from permanent tissue (e.g., Cork cambium, Vascular cambium)

🍃 6. Permanent Tissues (Overview)
(Deleted but useful for revision 👇)

Type	Description	Example
Parenchyma	Living, thin-walled, stores food	Cortex
Collenchyma	Living, mechanical support	Petiole, midrib
Sclerenchyma	Dead, thick-walled, provides strength	Husk of coconut

🌾 7. Tissue Systems (As per NCERT)

Tissue System Function Example		le
Epidermal	Protection & exchange	Cuticle, Stomata
Ground	Support & storage	Cortex, Pith
Vascular	Transport	Xylem, Phloem

🌿 8. Transverse Sections (T.S.) of Dicot & Monocot Plants

🌱 (A) Dicot Stem (e.g., Sunflower)

• Epidermis → with cuticle

• Cortex → Parenchyma & Collenchyma

• Endodermis → Casparian strips

• Pericycle → Support

• Vascular bundles → In a ring

• Pith → Center
  Nature: Collateral, open, endarch

🌾 (B) Monocot Stem (e.g., Maize)

• Vascular bundles scattered

• No distinct cortex/pith

• Bundles → Collateral, closed, endarch

• Bulliform cells present

🌿 (C) Dicot Root (e.g., Bean)

• Cortex → Parenchyma layers

• Endodermis → Casparian strips

• Xylem → Radial arrangement

• Vascular cambium → Present (secondary growth possible)

🌾 (D) Monocot Root (e.g., Maize)

• Polyarch xylem (many arms)

• No secondary growth

• Central pith present

🍃 (E) Dicot Leaf (e.g., Sunflower)

• Upper & lower epidermis with stomata

• Palisade & spongy mesophyll

• Reticulate venation

🌾 (F) Monocot Leaf (e.g., Maize)

• Parallel venation

• Bulliform cells → Help in leaf folding during water loss

🧠 9. Quick Revision Chart

Part	Dicot	Monocot
Stem	Vascular ring	Scattered bundles
Root	Tetrarch xylem	Polyarch xylem
Leaf	Reticulate venation	Parallel venation

💡 Trick:
“Ring–Four–Reticulate” = Dicot
“Scattered–Many–Parallel” = Monocot

🧩 10. NEET PYQs (2019–2024)

Year	Question	Answer
2020	Which meristem helps in the increase of girth?	Lateral meristem
2021	Bulliform cells are present in?	Monocot leaf
2022	Casparian strips found in?	Endodermis
2023	Xylem in a dicot stem is?	Endarch

⚡ Study Strategy for NEET 2025

• Learn NCERT diagrams line by line.

• Make Dicot vs Monocot tables.

• Revise daily using colour-coded notes.

• Solve topic-wise PYQs.

• Practice diagrams daily.

🔗 Related Blogs
📘 Cell Cycle & Cell Division – Day 48
🌿 Plant Physiology Diagrams – Day 45
☀️ Photosynthesis Diagrams – Day 46
🧬 Human Reproduction Diagrams – Day 47
📚 NEET Biology Notes PDF – Day 40

🏁 Conclusion
Anatomy of Flowering Plants is a diagram + concept-based chapter.
Remember —

“NCERT’s diagrams and lines = NEET’s answers.”

If you’ve mastered Tissue System and T.S. differences, 8–12 marks are guaranteed!
Stay focused and revise daily 🌿💪