Cell cycle and Cell division class 11 one shot | NEET 2026 complete chapter in one shot by BHS sir

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🌟 Introduction – Let’s Begin with the Basics

Hello NEET aspirants 👋
Today, we’re diving into an exciting and high-weightage chapter —
Cell Cycle and Cell Division 🧫

This topic forms a core foundation for NEET because it helps you understand key ideas in genetics, reproduction, and growth.
Let’s start with a historic name — Rudolf Virchow (1855) — who stated:

“All cells arise from pre-existing cells.”

This became the cornerstone of modern cell theory.

🇮🇳 A Motivational Start

The teacher gave an emotional reminder:

“In 1857, India fought for its freedom — today, you’re fighting for your career’s freedom!”

So if you’re preparing for NEET, never lose your focus or determination.
Just like those heroes fought for independence, you’re fighting for your future 🔥

🧫 What is Cell Division?

First, understand this simple equation:
Cell Division = Growth + Reproduction

Every living organism begins as a single cell (zygote).
This zygote divides repeatedly (via mitosis) to form a multicellular organism — like the human body.

So, cell division means:
👉 The cell divides, grows, and duplicates its DNA to distribute it into daughter cells.

💡 NCERT Key Line:

“Growth and reproduction are the fundamental characteristics of all living organisms.”

🔬 Types of Cells & Their Division

TypeExampleDivision Type
Prokaryotic CellBacteriaBinary Fission (no mitosis)
Eukaryotic CellPlants, AnimalsMitosis / Meiosis

💡 Remember:

“Prokaryotic cells divide, but they don’t perform mitosis.”

🔁 What is the Cell Cycle?

The teacher explained it beautifully —

“The Cell Cycle is the sequence of events where a cell grows, duplicates its DNA, and divides into two daughter cells.”

✨ Definition:
Cell Cycle = Growth → DNA replication → Division into two identical daughter cells.

In simple words:
Cell Growth + DNA Duplication + Cell Division = Cell Cycle

📘 Main Stages of the Cell Cycle

1. Interphase (Preparation Phase)

  • G₁ Phase: Growth and organelle duplication

  • S Phase: DNA synthesis (replication)

  • G₂ Phase: Protein synthesis & preparation for division

2. M Phase (Mitosis or Meiosis)

Actual division of the nucleus and cytoplasm occurs here.

🧠 Quick Trick:
💡 “G1 – S – G2 – M” → Grow – Synthesize – Get ready – Multiply

⚙️ Cell Division in Detail

🌱 1. Mitosis – Equational Division

Occurs in somatic (body) cells and produces two identical daughter cells.

Phases of Mitosis:

  • Prophase: Chromosomes condense

  • Metaphase: Chromosomes align at the equator

  • Anaphase: Chromatids separate

  • Telophase: Nuclear membranes reform

🧩 Cytokinesis: Final division of cytoplasm

Result:
➡️ 1 Parent Cell → 2 Genetically Identical Daughter Cells

🌸 2. Meiosis – Reduction Division

Occurs in reproductive cells (for gamete formation) and produces four haploid daughter cells.

Phases:

  • Meiosis I: Reduction (2n → n)

  • Meiosis II: Similar to mitosis

Purpose: Genetic variation & sexual reproduction

📖 Why Is Cell Division Important?

  • Growth of multicellular organisms

  • Repair of damaged tissues

  • Reproduction (in unicellular organisms)

  • Maintenance of chromosome number

🧬 Key Concepts & PYQs

ConceptYearQuestion
Rudolf Virchow’s StatementNEET 2020“All cells arise from pre-existing cells”
G₁ Phase FunctionNEET 2021Organelle duplication
S Phase ImportanceNEET 2022DNA synthesis occurs
Product of MitosisNEET 2023Two identical daughter cells

🧠 Study Strategy for NEET Aspirants

💡 Tips from the Teacher:

  1. NCERT is your Bible:
    Every line and diagram — especially in this chapter — is NEET-relevant.

  2. Make a Rough Notebook:
    Write short key points like: “G₁ = Growth,” “S = DNA replication,” “Virchow = Cell theory.”

  3. Use Visual Memory:
    Draw and label cell cycle diagrams daily.

  4. Practice MCQs:
    Solve at least 20 questions per day from this topic.

  5. Revise Daily:
    Create a one-page Cell Cycle Summary Chart — revise the whole chapter at a glance!

🔗 Related Blogs (Internal Links)

📘 Biological Classification – Day 48
🌿 Plant Physiology Diagrams – Day 45
☀️ Photosynthesis Diagrams – Day 46
👶 Human Reproduction Diagrams – Day 47
📚 NEET Biology Notes PDF – Day 40

⚡ Conclusion

Cell Cycle and Cell Division is a concept + diagram-based chapter.
You must focus on every NCERT line.
If you’ve memorized the “G1–S–G2–M” sequence, diagrams of mitosis & meiosis, and Virchow’s statement, your 4–8 marks are guaranteed! 💪

Remember —

“A successful NEET aspirant is like a dividing cell — consistent, disciplined, and focused.” 🌿

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