What is Double Fertilization in Angiosperms? Process, Significance & NEET Important Points

What is Double Fertilization in Angiosperms? Process, Significance & NEET Important Points

What is Double Fertilization in Angiosperms? Process, Significance & NEET Important Points

Double fertilization is a unique process found only in angiosperms (flowering plants). It is one of the most important topics for NEET and Class 12 Biology.

What is Double Fertilization?

Double fertilization is the process in which two male gametes fuse with two different cells of the embryo sac. One forms the zygote and the other forms the endosperm.

Process of Double Fertilization

  1. Pollen tube enters the embryo sac through the micropyle.
  2. One male gamete fuses with the egg cell → forms diploid zygote (2n).
  3. Second male gamete fuses with the two polar nuclei → forms triploid primary endosperm nucleus (3n).

Significance of Double Fertilization

  • Ensures formation of both embryo and endosperm.
  • Endosperm provides nutrition to the developing embryo.
  • Unique feature of angiosperms.

NEET Important Points

  • Double fertilization was discovered by Nawaschin.
  • Zygote is diploid (2n) and endosperm is triploid (3n).
  • It occurs inside the embryo sac.
  • Most common type of embryo sac is Polygonum type (7-celled, 8-nucleate).

Master this topic thoroughly as questions from double fertilization appear almost every year in NEET.

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