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What is Fruit Formation? Types of Fruits & NEET Important Points

What is Fruit Formation? Types of Fruits & NEET Important Points

After fertilization, the ovary develops into a fruit and the ovules develop into seeds. Fruit formation is an important topic for NEET and Class 12 Biology.

What is a Fruit?

A fruit is a mature or ripened ovary that develops after fertilization and contains seeds.

True Fruit vs False Fruit

TypeFeatureExample
True FruitDevelops only from the ovaryMango, Tomato, Pea
False Fruit (Pseudocarp)Develops from ovary + other floral partsApple, Strawberry, Cashew

Types of Fruits

  • Simple Fruits – Develop from a single ovary (Mango, Tomato)
  • Aggregate Fruits – Develop from multiple ovaries of a single flower (Custard apple)
  • Multiple (Composite) Fruits – Develop from an entire inflorescence (Pineapple, Jackfruit)

Parthenocarpy

Development of fruit without fertilization is called parthenocarpy. Such fruits are seedless (e.g., Banana, Grapes).

NEET Important Points

  • Fruit wall is called pericarp (epicarp + mesocarp + endocarp).
  • In apple, the edible part is the thalamus (false fruit).
  • Parthenocarpic fruits can be induced by hormones like auxins and gibberellins.

This topic is frequently asked in NEET – revise the differences carefully!

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